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Changing environmental conditions, stress and fatigue can easily weaken the immune system and make you more susceptible to various infections. People often mistake symptoms such as dry cough, sweating, sore throat and rapid heartbeat for a common cold or the flu. In fact, however, these symptoms can be a warning sign of a much more serious problem – “walking” pneumonia, known as atypical pneumonia.
What is atypical pneumonia?
Atypical pneumonia is a bacterial infection of the respiratory system that can be difficult to diagnose based on symptoms alone. It typically requires an X-ray examination to confirm the diagnosis. This type of pneumonia is caused by various bacteria and does not always require hospitalization. In some cases, treatment can be outpatient.
Main causes of atypical pneumonia
Atypical pneumonia is primarily caused by three bacteria:
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- Chlamydophila pneumoniae
- Legionella pneumophila
Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydophila pneumoniae spread through the air, while Legionella pneumophila is transmitted by steam and mist. While the first two bacteria usually cause milder symptoms, Legionella pneumophila can be more severe and may even lead to respiratory failure.
Symptoms of atypical pneumonia
Symptoms caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydophila pneumoniae include:
- Sore throat
- Tracheitis and bronchitis
- Headache
- Labored breathing (intermittent, rapid, or rasping)
- Mild fever
- Shortness of breath
- Dry cough
- Profuse sweating
- Fatigue, drowsiness, decreased activity
- Rapid heart rate
Symptoms caused by Legionella pneumophila include:
- Digestive system problems (pain, vomiting, loss of appetite)
- Muscle pain
- Chills
What to do if you have symptoms?
Self-medication when atypical pneumonia is suspected is not recommended, because antibiotic treatment is usually necessary. If you suspect this type of pneumonia, seek medical help as soon as possible.
In the meantime, you can relieve symptoms at home with the following measures:
- Use expectorants only as recommended by your doctor.
- Regularly check your temperature.
- Drink plenty of warm fluids and rest.
When is hospitalization necessary?
Hospitalization may be necessary especially in cases of infection with Legionella pneumophila if:
- You are of advanced age.
- You have a weak immune system or chronic respiratory disease.
- You use inhaled corticosteroids.
- You smoke.
Prevention
There is no specific vaccine against atypical pneumonia. The best prevention is to follow basic hygiene rules:
- Dispose of tissues immediately.
- Regular disinfection of cutlery, handles and switches.
If you have any symptoms that could indicate atypical pneumonia, do not hesitate to seek medical help. If you liked the article, share it with your friends so they can also be informed about important health aspects.
