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Skin pigmentation is different for each person and may also change gradually with advancing age. Over the years the skin loses its elasticity and age spots may begin to appear, which is completely natural. In some cases, however, a change in pigmentation may indicate a more serious health problem.
Skin condition that may indicate type 2 diabetes
There is a condition called acanthosis nigricans, in which brownish or brown-black discoloration appears in skin folds such as the neck or armpits. In this case the skin not only darkens but also becomes thicker. Acanthosis nigricans most commonly affects the armpits, groin and neck. The affected skin looks “dirty.” These skin changes usually occur in people who are obese or have diabetes. Children who develop this condition have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Rarely, acanthosis nigricans can be a warning sign of a cancerous tumor in internal organs such as the stomach or liver.
The cause of this condition may also lie in other health problems
This unpleasant skin condition can indicate problems other than just diabetes. The development of acanthosis nigricans is associated with:
- Insulin resistance: Most people who have acanthosis nigricans have also become insulin resistant. Insulin resistance is what ultimately causes type 2 diabetes.
- Hormonal disorders: Acanthosis nigricans often occurs in people who have ovarian cysts, an underactive thyroid, or adrenal problems.
- Certain drugs and supplements: High doses of niacin, birth control pills, prednisone and other corticosteroids can cause this condition.
- Cancer: Acanthosis nigricans also sometimes occurs with lymphoma or when a tumor develops in internal organs such as the stomach, colon or liver.
